diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
index 7dfc077..1356c0f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
       run: |
         # Run only unit tests (fragmentation and prioritization)
         python -m pytest tests/test_fragmentation.py tests/test_prioritization.py -v \
-          --cov=src/ble_reticulum/BLEFragmentation.py \
+          --cov=src/ble_reticulum \
           --cov-report=term-missing \
           --cov-report=xml:coverage-unit.xml
       continue-on-error: false
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ jobs:
       if: matrix.python-version == '3.11'
       uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
       with:
+        token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
         file: ./coverage-unit.xml
         flags: unit
         fail_ci_if_error: false
@@ -151,6 +152,7 @@ jobs:
       if: matrix.python-version == '3.11'
       uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
       with:
+        token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
         file: ./coverage-integration.xml
         flags: integration
         fail_ci_if_error: false
diff --git a/codecov.yml b/codecov.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5048949
--- /dev/null
+++ b/codecov.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+coverage:
+  precision: 2
+  round: down
+  range: "60...100"
+  status:
+    project:
+      default:
+        target: auto
+        threshold: 5%
+    patch:
+      default:
+        target: 80%
+        threshold: 5%
+
+comment:
+  layout: "reach,diff,flags,files"
+  behavior: default
+  require_changes: true
+
+flags:
+  unit:
+    paths:
+      - src/ble_reticulum/
+    carryforward: true
+  integration:
+    paths:
+      - src/ble_reticulum/
+    carryforward: true
+
+ignore:
+  - "tests/**/*"
+  - "**/__pycache__/**"
+  - "**/conftest.py"
diff --git a/src/ble_reticulum/BLEInterface.py b/src/ble_reticulum/BLEInterface.py
index 7c4b1db..1f67909 100644
--- a/src/ble_reticulum/BLEInterface.py
+++ b/src/ble_reticulum/BLEInterface.py
@@ -376,6 +376,10 @@ class BLEInterface(Interface):
         self.spawned_interfaces = {}  # identity_hash (16 hex chars) -> BLEPeerInterface
         self.address_to_identity = {}  # address -> peer_identity (16-byte identity)
         self.identity_to_address = {}  # identity_hash -> address (for reverse lookup)
+        # Cache for recently disconnected identities (address -> (identity, timestamp))
+        # Used to restore identity when peer reconnects before cache expiry (60s)
+        self._identity_cache = {}
+        self._identity_cache_ttl = 60  # seconds
 
         # Fragmentation
         self.fragmenters = {}  # address -> BLEFragmenter (per MTU)
@@ -410,6 +414,7 @@ class BLEInterface(Interface):
         self.driver.on_device_disconnected = self._device_disconnected_callback
         self.driver.on_error = self._error_callback
         self.driver.on_duplicate_identity_detected = self._check_duplicate_identity
+        self.driver.on_address_changed = self._address_changed_callback
 
         # Redirect Python logging to RNS logging for proper formatting
         self._setup_logging_redirect()
@@ -985,6 +990,12 @@ class BLEInterface(Interface):
         peer_identity = self.address_to_identity.get(address)
         if peer_identity:
             identity_hash = self._compute_identity_hash(peer_identity)
+
+            # Cache identity before cleanup - allows restoration if peer reconnects
+            # without a full identity handshake (e.g., Android maintains GATT connection)
+            self._identity_cache[address] = (peer_identity, time.time())
+            RNS.log(f"{self} cached identity for {address} (TTL {self._identity_cache_ttl}s)", RNS.LOG_DEBUG)
+
             if identity_hash in self.spawned_interfaces:
                 peer_if = self.spawned_interfaces[identity_hash]
                 peer_if.detach()
@@ -1054,6 +1065,66 @@ class BLEInterface(Interface):
 
         RNS.log(f"{self} cleaned up stale state for {old_address}", RNS.LOG_DEBUG)
 
+    def _address_changed_callback(self, old_address: str, new_address: str, identity_hash: str):
+        """
+        Driver callback: Handle address change during dual connection deduplication.
+
+        When the driver deduplicates a dual connection (same identity connected as both
+        central and peripheral), it closes one direction and notifies us to update
+        our address mappings.
+
+        Args:
+            old_address: The address that was closed/removed
+            new_address: The address that remains active
+            identity_hash: The 32-char hex identity hash for this peer
+        """
+        RNS.log(
+            f"{self} address changed for {identity_hash[:8]}: {old_address} -> {new_address}",
+            RNS.LOG_INFO
+        )
+
+        # Get peer identity from old address before cleanup
+        peer_identity = self.address_to_identity.get(old_address)
+        if not peer_identity:
+            # Try cache if not in active mapping
+            cached = self._identity_cache.get(old_address)
+            if cached:
+                peer_identity = cached[0]
+                del self._identity_cache[old_address]
+
+        if peer_identity:
+            # Migrate address_to_identity mapping
+            if old_address in self.address_to_identity:
+                del self.address_to_identity[old_address]
+            self.address_to_identity[new_address] = peer_identity
+
+            # Update identity_to_address to point to new address
+            computed_hash = self._compute_identity_hash(peer_identity)
+            self.identity_to_address[computed_hash] = new_address
+
+            # Migrate fragmenter/reassembler from old to new key
+            old_frag_key = self._get_fragmenter_key(peer_identity, old_address)
+            new_frag_key = self._get_fragmenter_key(peer_identity, new_address)
+            with self.frag_lock:
+                if old_frag_key in self.fragmenters:
+                    self.fragmenters[new_frag_key] = self.fragmenters.pop(old_frag_key)
+                if old_frag_key in self.reassemblers:
+                    self.reassemblers[new_frag_key] = self.reassemblers.pop(old_frag_key)
+
+            RNS.log(f"{self} migrated identity mappings from {old_address} to {new_address}", RNS.LOG_DEBUG)
+        else:
+            RNS.log(f"{self} no identity found for {old_address} during address change", RNS.LOG_WARNING)
+
+        # Clean up old address from other state
+        if old_address in self.pending_mtu:
+            mtu = self.pending_mtu.pop(old_address)
+            self.pending_mtu[new_address] = mtu
+
+        with self.peer_lock:
+            if old_address in self.peers:
+                peer_data = self.peers.pop(old_address)
+                self.peers[new_address] = peer_data
+
     def _error_callback(self, severity: str, message: str, exc: Exception = None):
         """
         Driver callback: Handle driver errors.
@@ -1520,8 +1591,28 @@ class BLEInterface(Interface):
         # Look up peer identity to compute fragmenter key
         peer_identity = self.address_to_identity.get(peer_address)
         if not peer_identity:
-            RNS.log(f"{self} no identity for peer {peer_address}, dropping data", RNS.LOG_WARNING)
-            return
+            # Try identity cache - peer may have "disconnected" from Python's view
+            # but Android/driver layer maintains the GATT connection
+            cached = self._identity_cache.get(peer_address)
+            if cached and (time.time() - cached[1]) < self._identity_cache_ttl:
+                peer_identity = cached[0]
+                # Restore identity mapping - peer is still active
+                self.address_to_identity[peer_address] = peer_identity
+                identity_hash = self._compute_identity_hash(peer_identity)
+                self.identity_to_address[identity_hash] = peer_address
+                RNS.log(f"{self} restored identity from cache for {peer_address}", RNS.LOG_DEBUG)
+                # Remove from cache since it's now active again
+                del self._identity_cache[peer_address]
+            else:
+                # Neither active mapping nor cache has identity - request resync from driver
+                # This handles the case where Android maintained connection but Python lost state
+                if hasattr(self.driver, 'request_identity_resync'):
+                    RNS.log(f"{self} requesting identity resync for {peer_address}", RNS.LOG_DEBUG)
+                    self.driver.request_identity_resync(peer_address)
+                    # Drop this packet - next one should work after resync completes
+                else:
+                    RNS.log(f"{self} no identity for peer {peer_address}, dropping data", RNS.LOG_WARNING)
+                return
 
         # Compute identity-based fragmenter key (matches peripheral data handler)
         frag_key = self._get_fragmenter_key(peer_identity, peer_address)
@@ -1577,8 +1668,18 @@ class BLEInterface(Interface):
             peer_identity = self.address_to_identity.get(peer_address, None)
 
             if not peer_identity:
-                RNS.log(f"{self} no identity for peer {peer_address}, packet dropped", RNS.LOG_WARNING)
-                return
+                # Fallback to cache (should already be restored above, but defensive)
+                cached = self._identity_cache.get(peer_address)
+                if cached and (time.time() - cached[1]) < self._identity_cache_ttl:
+                    peer_identity = cached[0]
+                    self.address_to_identity[peer_address] = peer_identity
+                    identity_hash = self._compute_identity_hash(peer_identity)
+                    self.identity_to_address[identity_hash] = peer_address
+                    del self._identity_cache[peer_address]
+                    RNS.log(f"{self} restored identity from cache for {peer_address} (reassembly)", RNS.LOG_DEBUG)
+                else:
+                    RNS.log(f"{self} no identity for peer {peer_address}, packet dropped", RNS.LOG_WARNING)
+                    return
 
             identity_hash = self._compute_identity_hash(peer_identity)
             peer_if = self.spawned_interfaces.get(identity_hash, None)
diff --git a/src/ble_reticulum/bluetooth_driver.py b/src/ble_reticulum/bluetooth_driver.py
index 0cdffec..c4153b0 100644
--- a/src/ble_reticulum/bluetooth_driver.py
+++ b/src/ble_reticulum/bluetooth_driver.py
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ class BLEDriverInterface(ABC):
     on_data_received: Optional[Callable[[str, bytes], None]] = None  # address, data
     on_mtu_negotiated: Optional[Callable[[str, int], None]] = None  # address, mtu
     on_error: Optional[Callable[[str, str, Optional[Exception]], None]] = None  # severity, message, exception
+    on_address_changed: Optional[Callable[[str, str, str], None]] = None  # old_address, new_address, identity_hash
 
     # --- Lifecycle & Configuration ---
 
diff --git a/tests/test_identity_cache.py b/tests/test_identity_cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f723bdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_identity_cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,526 @@
+"""
+Tests for Identity Cache on Disconnect
+
+When a BLE peer disconnects, we cache its identity for 60 seconds to handle
+cases where Python's disconnect callback fires but the driver layer maintains
+or quickly re-establishes the GATT connection.
+
+This prevents data loss when:
+1. App force-stop/restart causes temporary disconnect
+2. Driver maintains connection while Python clears identity mapping
+3. Data arrives from "unknown" peer that was actually still connected
+
+These tests exercise the REAL BLEInterface code with mocked external dependencies.
+"""
+
+import pytest
+import time
+import threading
+from unittest.mock import Mock, MagicMock, patch, PropertyMock
+import sys
+import os
+
+# Ensure src is in path
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '../src'))
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_rns():
+    """Mock RNS module for testing."""
+    with patch.dict('sys.modules', {'RNS': MagicMock()}):
+        import sys
+        rns = sys.modules['RNS']
+        rns.LOG_CRITICAL = 0
+        rns.LOG_ERROR = 1
+        rns.LOG_WARNING = 2
+        rns.LOG_NOTICE = 3
+        rns.LOG_INFO = 4
+        rns.LOG_VERBOSE = 5
+        rns.LOG_DEBUG = 6
+        rns.LOG_EXTREME = 7
+        rns.log = Mock()
+        rns.prettyhexrep = lambda x: x.hex() if isinstance(x, bytes) else str(x)
+        yield rns
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_driver():
+    """Create a mock BLE driver."""
+    driver = Mock()
+    driver.on_device_connected = None
+    driver.on_device_disconnected = None
+    driver.on_data_received = None
+    driver.on_identity_received = None
+    driver.on_error = None
+    driver.on_duplicate_identity_detected = None
+    driver.on_address_changed = None
+    driver.request_identity_resync = Mock(return_value=False)
+    driver.get_cached_identity = Mock(return_value=None)
+    return driver
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def ble_interface(mock_rns, mock_driver):
+    """
+    Create a BLEInterface instance with mocked dependencies.
+
+    This uses the REAL BLEInterface class but mocks external dependencies
+    to allow testing the identity cache logic.
+    """
+    # Try to import BLEInterface - this will work in CI where RNS is installed
+    try:
+        from ble_reticulum.BLEInterface import BLEInterface
+
+        # Create interface without calling __init__
+        interface = object.__new__(BLEInterface)
+
+        # Initialize all required attributes manually
+        interface.name = "TestBLE"
+        interface.owner = Mock()
+        interface.online = True
+        interface.driver = mock_driver
+
+        # Identity mappings
+        interface.peers = {}
+        interface.spawned_interfaces = {}
+        interface.address_to_identity = {}
+        interface.identity_to_address = {}
+        interface._identity_cache = {}
+        interface._identity_cache_ttl = 60
+
+        # Fragmentation
+        interface.fragmenters = {}
+        interface.reassemblers = {}
+        interface.pending_mtu = {}
+
+        # Locks
+        interface.peer_lock = threading.RLock()
+        interface.frag_lock = threading.RLock()
+
+        # Other attributes
+        interface.HW_MTU = 500
+        interface.MIN_MTU = 20
+        interface.bitrate = 700000
+        interface.rxb = 0
+        interface.txb = 0
+
+        return interface
+
+    except ImportError as e:
+        pytest.skip(f"Cannot import BLEInterface (RNS not installed): {e}")
+
+
+class TestIdentityCacheOnDisconnect:
+    """Test that identity is cached when peer disconnects."""
+
+    def test_disconnect_caches_identity(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        When _device_disconnected_callback is called, the peer's identity
+        should be cached before cleanup.
+        """
+        mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+        identity_hash = identity[:8].hex()  # First 8 bytes = 16 hex chars
+
+        # Setup: Peer is connected with identity mapping
+        ble_interface.address_to_identity[mac] = identity
+        ble_interface.identity_to_address[identity_hash] = mac
+
+        # Create mock peer interface
+        mock_peer_if = Mock()
+        mock_peer_if.detach = Mock()
+        ble_interface.spawned_interfaces[identity_hash] = mock_peer_if
+
+        # Add _compute_identity_hash method
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+
+        # Call the real disconnect callback
+        ble_interface._device_disconnected_callback(mac)
+
+        # Assert: Identity should be cached
+        assert mac in ble_interface._identity_cache
+        cached_identity, cached_time = ble_interface._identity_cache[mac]
+        assert cached_identity == identity
+        assert time.time() - cached_time < 2  # Cached recently
+
+        # Assert: Active mappings should be cleaned up
+        assert mac not in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+        assert identity_hash not in ble_interface.identity_to_address
+
+        # Assert: Peer interface was detached
+        mock_peer_if.detach.assert_called_once()
+
+    def test_disconnect_unknown_address_no_crash(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        Disconnecting an unknown address should not crash.
+        """
+        # Call disconnect for unknown address
+        ble_interface._device_disconnected_callback("XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX")
+
+        # Should not raise, cache should be empty
+        assert "XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX" not in ble_interface._identity_cache
+
+
+class TestIdentityCacheOnDataReceive:
+    """Test that cached identity is restored when data arrives."""
+
+    def test_data_restores_identity_from_cache(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        When data arrives from a peer with cached (but not active) identity,
+        the identity should be restored from cache.
+        """
+        mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+        identity_hash = identity[:8].hex()
+
+        # Setup: Identity in cache (simulating recent disconnect)
+        ble_interface._identity_cache[mac] = (identity, time.time())
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+        ble_interface._get_fragmenter_key = lambda ident, addr: f"{ident[:8].hex()}_{addr}"
+
+        # Create mock fragmenter/reassembler
+        from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+        mock_reassembler = MagicMock()
+        mock_reassembler.add_fragment = Mock(return_value=(False, None))
+
+        frag_key = f"{identity_hash}_{mac}"
+        ble_interface.reassemblers[frag_key] = mock_reassembler
+
+        # Create mock peer interface
+        mock_peer_if = Mock()
+        ble_interface.spawned_interfaces[identity_hash] = mock_peer_if
+
+        # Call _handle_ble_data with test data
+        test_data = b"\x00\x01test_packet"  # Fragment with header
+        ble_interface._handle_ble_data(mac, test_data)
+
+        # Assert: Identity should be restored from cache
+        assert mac in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+        assert ble_interface.address_to_identity[mac] == identity
+        assert ble_interface.identity_to_address[identity_hash] == mac
+
+        # Assert: Cache entry should be removed (now active)
+        assert mac not in ble_interface._identity_cache
+
+    def test_data_expired_cache_requests_resync(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        When data arrives with expired cache entry, request identity resync.
+        """
+        mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+
+        # Setup: Expired cache entry (61 seconds ago)
+        ble_interface._identity_cache[mac] = (identity, time.time() - 61)
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+
+        # Call _handle_ble_data
+        test_data = b"\x00\x01test"
+        ble_interface._handle_ble_data(mac, test_data)
+
+        # Assert: Should request resync from driver
+        ble_interface.driver.request_identity_resync.assert_called_once_with(mac)
+
+        # Assert: Identity should NOT be restored (expired)
+        assert mac not in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+
+    def test_data_no_cache_no_identity_requests_resync(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        When data arrives with no identity and no cache, request resync.
+        """
+        mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+
+        # No cache, no identity mapping
+        assert mac not in ble_interface._identity_cache
+        assert mac not in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+
+        # Call _handle_ble_data
+        test_data = b"\x00\x01test"
+        ble_interface._handle_ble_data(mac, test_data)
+
+        # Assert: Should request resync
+        ble_interface.driver.request_identity_resync.assert_called_once_with(mac)
+
+
+class TestAddressChangedCallback:
+    """Test address migration during dual connection deduplication."""
+
+    def test_address_changed_migrates_mappings(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        When address changes, identity mappings should migrate to new address.
+        """
+        old_mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        new_mac = "6B:2B:EE:1A:5B:94"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+        identity_hash = identity[:8].hex()
+
+        # Setup: Peer connected on old address
+        ble_interface.address_to_identity[old_mac] = identity
+        ble_interface.identity_to_address[identity_hash] = old_mac
+        ble_interface.peers[old_mac] = (Mock(), 0, 185)
+        ble_interface.pending_mtu[old_mac] = 185
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+        ble_interface._get_fragmenter_key = lambda ident, addr: f"{ident[:8].hex()}_{addr}"
+
+        # Add fragmenter for old address
+        old_frag_key = f"{identity_hash}_{old_mac}"
+        ble_interface.fragmenters[old_frag_key] = Mock()
+        ble_interface.reassemblers[old_frag_key] = Mock()
+
+        # Call address changed callback
+        ble_interface._address_changed_callback(old_mac, new_mac, identity_hash)
+
+        # Assert: Old address cleaned up
+        assert old_mac not in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+        assert old_mac not in ble_interface.peers
+        assert old_mac not in ble_interface.pending_mtu
+        assert old_frag_key not in ble_interface.fragmenters
+        assert old_frag_key not in ble_interface.reassemblers
+
+        # Assert: New address has mappings
+        assert new_mac in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+        assert ble_interface.address_to_identity[new_mac] == identity
+        assert ble_interface.identity_to_address[identity_hash] == new_mac
+        assert new_mac in ble_interface.peers
+        assert new_mac in ble_interface.pending_mtu
+
+        # Assert: Fragmenter migrated
+        new_frag_key = f"{identity_hash}_{new_mac}"
+        assert new_frag_key in ble_interface.fragmenters
+        assert new_frag_key in ble_interface.reassemblers
+
+    def test_address_changed_uses_cache_fallback(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        When old address not in active mapping, check cache.
+        """
+        old_mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        new_mac = "6B:2B:EE:1A:5B:94"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+        identity_hash = identity[:8].hex()
+
+        # Setup: Identity in cache, not active mapping
+        ble_interface._identity_cache[old_mac] = (identity, time.time())
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+        ble_interface._get_fragmenter_key = lambda ident, addr: f"{ident[:8].hex()}_{addr}"
+
+        # Call address changed callback
+        ble_interface._address_changed_callback(old_mac, new_mac, identity_hash)
+
+        # Assert: Cache was used and cleared
+        assert old_mac not in ble_interface._identity_cache
+
+        # Assert: New address has identity
+        assert new_mac in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+        assert ble_interface.address_to_identity[new_mac] == identity
+
+    def test_address_changed_no_identity_logs_warning(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        When no identity found for old address, log warning.
+        """
+        old_mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        new_mac = "6B:2B:EE:1A:5B:94"
+        identity_hash = "456c6978"
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+        ble_interface._get_fragmenter_key = lambda ident, addr: f"{ident[:8].hex()}_{addr}"
+
+        # No identity anywhere
+        assert old_mac not in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+        assert old_mac not in ble_interface._identity_cache
+
+        # Patch RNS.log in the BLEInterface module's namespace
+        from ble_reticulum import BLEInterface as ble_module
+        log_calls = []
+
+        def capture_log(msg, level=4):
+            log_calls.append((msg, level))
+
+        original_log = ble_module.RNS.log
+        ble_module.RNS.log = capture_log
+
+        try:
+            # Call address changed callback - should not crash
+            ble_interface._address_changed_callback(old_mac, new_mac, identity_hash)
+
+            # Assert: Warning was logged about no identity
+            assert len(log_calls) > 0, "Expected log calls"
+            assert any("no identity found" in str(msg).lower() for msg, level in log_calls), \
+                f"Expected 'no identity found' warning, got: {log_calls}"
+        finally:
+            ble_module.RNS.log = original_log
+
+
+class TestCacheTTL:
+    """Test cache TTL (time-to-live) behavior."""
+
+    def test_cache_ttl_default_60_seconds(self, ble_interface):
+        """Cache TTL should default to 60 seconds."""
+        assert ble_interface._identity_cache_ttl == 60
+
+    def test_cache_valid_at_59_seconds(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """Cache should be valid at 59 seconds."""
+        mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+        identity_hash = identity[:8].hex()
+
+        # Cache entry from 59 seconds ago
+        ble_interface._identity_cache[mac] = (identity, time.time() - 59)
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+        ble_interface._get_fragmenter_key = lambda ident, addr: f"{ident[:8].hex()}_{addr}"
+
+        # Create mock reassembler
+        mock_reassembler = MagicMock()
+        mock_reassembler.add_fragment = Mock(return_value=(False, None))
+        frag_key = f"{identity_hash}_{mac}"
+        ble_interface.reassemblers[frag_key] = mock_reassembler
+
+        # Create mock peer interface
+        ble_interface.spawned_interfaces[identity_hash] = Mock()
+
+        # Call _handle_ble_data
+        test_data = b"\x00\x01test"
+        ble_interface._handle_ble_data(mac, test_data)
+
+        # Assert: Identity was restored (cache was valid)
+        assert mac in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+        assert ble_interface.driver.request_identity_resync.call_count == 0
+
+    def test_cache_expired_at_61_seconds(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """Cache should be expired at 61 seconds."""
+        mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+
+        # Cache entry from 61 seconds ago
+        ble_interface._identity_cache[mac] = (identity, time.time() - 61)
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+
+        # Call _handle_ble_data
+        test_data = b"\x00\x01test"
+        ble_interface._handle_ble_data(mac, test_data)
+
+        # Assert: Identity was NOT restored, resync was requested
+        assert mac not in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+        ble_interface.driver.request_identity_resync.assert_called_once_with(mac)
+
+
+class TestReassemblyCodePath:
+    """Test identity cache in the reassembly code path."""
+
+    def test_reassembly_restores_identity_from_cache(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        The reassembly completion code should also check the cache.
+        """
+        mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+        identity_hash = identity[:8].hex()
+
+        # Setup: Identity in cache
+        ble_interface._identity_cache[mac] = (identity, time.time())
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+        ble_interface._get_fragmenter_key = lambda ident, addr: f"{ident[:8].hex()}_{addr}"
+
+        # Create mock reassembler that returns complete packet
+        mock_reassembler = MagicMock()
+        mock_reassembler.add_fragment = Mock(return_value=(True, b"complete_packet"))
+        frag_key = f"{identity_hash}_{mac}"
+        ble_interface.reassemblers[frag_key] = mock_reassembler
+
+        # Create mock peer interface
+        mock_peer_if = Mock()
+        mock_peer_if.process_incoming = Mock()
+        ble_interface.spawned_interfaces[identity_hash] = mock_peer_if
+
+        # Call _handle_ble_data with fragment
+        test_data = b"\x00\x01test"
+        ble_interface._handle_ble_data(mac, test_data)
+
+        # Assert: Identity was restored
+        assert mac in ble_interface.address_to_identity
+        assert mac not in ble_interface._identity_cache
+
+
+class TestEdgeCases:
+    """Test edge cases and error handling."""
+
+    def test_cache_handles_concurrent_access(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        Cache operations should be thread-safe.
+        """
+        mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+
+        results = []
+
+        def cache_and_retrieve():
+            # Cache identity
+            ble_interface._identity_cache[mac] = (identity, time.time())
+            time.sleep(0.001)
+            # Retrieve from cache
+            cached = ble_interface._identity_cache.get(mac)
+            results.append(cached is not None)
+
+        # Run multiple threads
+        threads = [threading.Thread(target=cache_and_retrieve) for _ in range(10)]
+        for t in threads:
+            t.start()
+        for t in threads:
+            t.join()
+
+        # All operations should succeed
+        assert all(results)
+
+    def test_multiple_disconnects_same_address(self, ble_interface, mock_rns):
+        """
+        Multiple disconnects for same address should update cache timestamp.
+        """
+        mac = "54:8F:DF:44:79:2B"
+        identity = bytes.fromhex("456c6978823c85e228a545259c241e0e")
+        identity_hash = identity[:8].hex()
+
+        # Add required methods
+        ble_interface._compute_identity_hash = lambda x: x[:8].hex()
+
+        # First disconnect
+        ble_interface.address_to_identity[mac] = identity
+        ble_interface.identity_to_address[identity_hash] = mac
+        ble_interface.spawned_interfaces[identity_hash] = Mock(detach=Mock())
+
+        ble_interface._device_disconnected_callback(mac)
+        first_cache_time = ble_interface._identity_cache[mac][1]
+
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+
+        # Second disconnect (peer reconnected and disconnected again)
+        ble_interface.address_to_identity[mac] = identity
+        ble_interface.identity_to_address[identity_hash] = mac
+        ble_interface.spawned_interfaces[identity_hash] = Mock(detach=Mock())
+
+        ble_interface._device_disconnected_callback(mac)
+        second_cache_time = ble_interface._identity_cache[mac][1]
+
+        # Cache timestamp should be updated
+        assert second_cache_time > first_cache_time
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    pytest.main([__file__, "-v"])